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30 June. 2021
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aluminium - Historical
The name "aluminum" comes from alumina which itself comes from alum. Alum is
reported from the earliest antiquity, where in China it was used as
drug in the XXXVI century BC Later it is also used
in the Near East for its astringent and flame retardant qualities.
It was not until the Renaissance that the Genoese Juan de la Costa imported it from
Constantinople, the main manufacturing center.
Analysis of the alums revealed the presence of a base, and it seems that this
or Guyton de Morveau who, at the end of the 18th century, called it "alumina".
At the beginning of the XIXth century, Humphrey Davy had succeeded in 1808 in isolating the
potassium and sodium by electrolysis of molten bases thanks to the use of
recently invented volta battery. He thought he could use the same method to
isolate the metal which it presents in the alumina; but as he used a
iron cathode to electrolyze molten aluminum salts, it only obtained
alloys. Nevertheless, he persisted in believing in the existence of a metal in alumina.
which he baptized "alumium", then "aluminum" and finally "aluminum", term
today consecrated by usage, except in the United States where we continue to
use the term "aluminum".
It was Oersted in 1821 who was the first to prepare aluminum powder. But
it was the German Wôhler who, in 1827, obtained the first aluminum in the
solid metal. Therefore, research on the preparation of this element is
developed in two distinct ways: one chemical, the other
electrolytic. But given the price of extraction and production,
aluminum only really took on its industrial importance with the invention of
the dynamo which put at the service of electrochemistry an energy easy to produce
and good market.
This is how the electrolytic manufacture of aluminum was born in 1886,
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